摩托车发动机正常起动的三要素

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　　无论在哪种情况下，发动机起动都需要三要素，即“足够的压缩压力、强火花的正时点火、适当的可燃混合气”。

A、若压缩过程发生异常，压缩压力就会下降。在很多情况下，压缩压力下降将会引起熄火及起动困难。在这种情况下，通过测量压缩压力、检查气门间隙等，就能够掌握大致的原因所在。压缩压力下降的主要原因有气缸垫片损坏、曲轴箱配合面密封不良、气门贴合不良等。压缩压力过高的主要原因有燃烧室积碳、活塞顶部积碳等。

B、如燃油系统出现异常而不能获得适当的混合气，发动机起动就会变得困难。无燃油或供油不足的主要原因有化油器浮子室无燃油、针阀被粘接、燃油管及滤清器被堵塞、燃油箱盖被堵塞等。早晨冷起动困难的主要原因有汽油在低温条件下挥发性较差及由于低温状态下的机油粘度升高，发动机内部阻力增大而旋转速度降低，因此空气流速也变低而导致汽油不能充分雾化。行使后发动机停止工作，再起动时不能起动的原因是由于发动机温度高而使化油器内的燃油温度升高而引起浮子室内的燃油沸腾导致混合气过浓而不能起动。

C、点火系统的原因是因为不能获得强的火花而熄灭。造成这种现象的主要原因有没有足够的电流、点火正时不对及火花塞故障等。没有足够电流的原因有电气配线故障、发动机熄火开关故障、磁电机故障、蓄电池故障等。火花塞故障的主要原因有热值不适、陶瓷部分破裂、垫圈凹陷断裂等。

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